In general, the microclimate that arises is caused by the existence of various differences from the weather and climate conditions which are quite large, especially the physical properties of the atmosphere. Of course the different conditions of the forest in an area have different capabilities in regulating the microclimate in the forest environment, for example, air temperature, air humidity, reception of sunlight, and deficit of water vapor pressure. The role of forests as a regulator of the microclimate in the surrounding environment is very important. This function as regulator also has a huge influence on the local climate. Forests regulate the temperature of the earth and weather patterns which are carried out by storing large amounts of carbon and water. In addition to changes in patterned cycles, human activity causes climate patterns to change sustainably, both on a global and local scale. Based on certain timescale, climate change will form a particular pattern or cycle, daily, seasonal, annual, and several yearly cycles. Climates always change according to space and time. Utomo argues that climate is a generalization of various weather conditions in a large area in a long time.
It is no stranger that forest areas and other vegetation areas are balancing components of various cycles in nature, including for circulation of climate and local-scale weather. This situation was triggered by the expansion of settlement construction in protected forest areas as a result of humanitarian riots that occurred in years 1999–2002, limited GOS, and the effects of climate change. On the contrary, very hot weather in the dry season has made city residents uncomfortable. Extreme rainfall has triggered the occurrence of flooding and has been detrimental to city residents, especially during the rainy season. The city of Ambon turned out to provide less comfort for residents who live there. The aim of this present paper is to investigate the comfort level of the population and the availability of green open space (GOS) in Ambon City, Maluku Province, Indonesia.
The impact of climate change that is beginning to be seen and felt today has caused discomfort for urban and rural communities. Microclimate changes will affect the presence of forests in the region because plants have a large dependence on climate and weather conditions. The disrupted microclimate will cause anomalies in elements of the microclimate such as rainfall, air temperature, relative humidity, solar radiation, wind, etc. The influence of forests or vegetated areas on climate, especially the microclimate and mesoclimate, is important. Thus it globally has triggered climate change. It is no stranger that the diminishing amount of forest land to become non-forested in the world has changed the microclimate in almost all urban and rural areas.
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